Quotient between the quantity of a variable of trees or stands at a given age (normally the volume) and the number of years that measures the time taken to reach that value. It generally corresponds to the increase in tree/population volume over the course of a year.

Animal or plant species (tree, shrub or herbaceous) that does not originate in the place where it is present.

Highly reactive and soluble gas. It originates from natural and anthropogenic sources, the main source being agriculture, e.g. degradation and volatilization of urea, fertilizers, sludge, production and application of fertilizers and biomass burning. It is also emitted by a variety of non-agricultural sources, such as catalytic converters in gasoline-powered cars, landfills, sewage, composting of organic materials, combustion, industry, and wild mammals and birds.

Specific areas for the purpose of creating fish, shellfish, among others using artificial methods.

Installation of forest in an area that previously had another land occupation, or that had had a previous forest occupation in a very distant time.

Area with agricultural, rainfed or irrigated use, including herbaceous or arable crops.

Animal or plant species (tree, shrub or herbaceous) that is located or appears in the place where it originates.

Processes previously authorized by the ICNF, or subject to prior communication to this Institute, within the scope of the RJAAR.

Referring to a range of ages (in years), generally in groups of 5 or 10 years, with the aim of understanding demographic or social trends applied to the human population.

Gross amount in cash and/or in kind, paid to the employee on a regular basis in relation to the reference period for time worked or work provided in the normal and extraordinary period, corresponding to the sum of basic remuneration, regular bonuses and allowances and hourly remuneration supplementary. It also includes payment for hours paid but not worked (holidays, holidays, and other paid absences).

It measures the potential for the creation of acid rain, corresponding to an increase in the acidity of the environment resulting from the volatilization of various compounds such as sulfur and nitrogen oxides and ammonia. This volatilization causes chemical changes and contamination of rainfall.

Their aim is to encourage hunters' associations, thus giving them the possibility of exercising hunting management.

Fresh water with a mixture of salts (sea water), present in estuaries or deltas.

Area that was affected by a fire in a given period (in this case, annual).

It corresponds to the sum of the sectional areas of trees at 1.30 meters from the ground. Its measurement unit is the square meter of sectional area per hectare of land/forest (m²/ha).

Gas consisting on average of 60% methane and 40% CO₂, which is obtained by the decomposition of organic matter from animal and plant microorganisms in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic biological degradation).

Energy from recent derivatives of living organisms that are used as fuels or for the production of these same fuels. Includes by-products of livestock, agriculture, forestry or wood industry exploitation, biodegradable part of urban solid waste.

Yellow mass, produced by bees in the metabolic transformation of pollen and honey.

Shelter for keeping bees made with cylindrical pieces of cork.

Plant material from which forest reproduction materials (MFR) are obtained, consisting of groups of trees, covering thickets; settlements; clone; clonal mixture; seed orchards; between others.

Creation of a combination of production factors, with no other companies involved in this event at the same time.

Gross amount in cash and/or in kind paid to workers in the reference period and corresponding to normal working hours, regardless of whether or not they were absent due to holidays, maternity, strikes, professional training, illness and work accidents for a period equal to or less than one month. Excludes

Area where there is a mosaic of important and representative ecosystems of a given Biogeographic Region, whose purpose is to combine the conservation of natural values with the maintenance of cultural values and the sustainable socioeconomic development of the population that lives there. They integrate terrestrial, marine and coastal ecosystems. It must present a zoning with 3 types of interrelated areas that fulfill complementary functions and reinforce each other

It corresponds to the Council of Europe's network of Biogenetic Reserves in Continental Portugal. They have the following objectives

The Corine 2000 Biotopes Project aimed to compile the most important physical/biological characteristics for Environmental Conservation in the European Community. The locations included there have vulnerable floristic and faunal species and several phytosociological units. They are also classified by the "value of the Site" in relation to a certain taxonomic level and "value of the Site in relation to a syntax of units", as well as by the geological, geomorphological or landscape value of the Site. The Corine biotopes served as the basis for the Natura Network list, thus coinciding with these areas.

Domestic animals of the "bos" species.

ICNF service, in Amarante, responsible for the collection, processing and distribution of forest seeds and carrying out laboratory tests on seeds that enter the Center. The seed received comes from national forests, forest perimeters and vacant areas. The seed is sold to suppliers of forestry reproduction materials and the general public, as well as to Forestry Services of the Autonomous Regions and State Nurseries.

Equivalence in carbon dioxide. It is a measure used to compare the amounts of emissions of various greenhouse gases in equivalent terms of the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂), based on their warming potentials, calculating the amount of carbon dioxide that would be emitted if all greenhouse gases were emitted as this gas.

Process that includes the combined production and use of electricity and heat, using more than 70% of the thermal energy from the fuels used in this process.

Group of tree species from the Coniferophyta division. They commonly have a more elongated silhouette, their leaves are thin in the shape of a needle or small in the shape of a scale, with the majority of these species having leaves all year round. The name “resinous plants” comes from the fact that many of them produce resin. Examples include pine trees or cedars.

Consumption of goods and services acquired by resident institutional units to directly satisfy human needs, whether individual or collective.

It corresponds to the bark of the cork oak (Quercus suber L.), being a material of plant origin with great insulating power.

Colorless and odorless gas, in which each of its molecules is made up of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom. It is present in the atmosphere, in volcanoes and in mineral water springs.

Legal entity (natural or legal person) corresponding to an organizational unit for the production of goods and/or services, enjoying a certain autonomy in decision-making regarding the allocation of its current resources. A company can carry out one or more activities, in one or more locations.

It has anthropogenic origins in the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or other carbon-containing organic materials. It arises in emissions from electricity production, industrial, commercial or residential combustion and also from transport using combustion engines. It can also have natural origins in volcanic eruptions and forest fires. CO contributes to the formation of tropospheric ozone and its oxidation by oxygen in the air contributes to the greenhouse effect. In Portugal, in compliance with community legislation, the concentration of carbon monoxide in ambient air is regulated and controlled through Decree-Law No. 102/2010, of September 23.

Also defined as prices from the previous year, in which the quantities transacted in year t are valued at average prices in year t-1. Together with the nominal price series, they allow the calculation of rates of change in volume (i.e. in real terms) and the respective deflators. The effect of prices (inflation) is removed.

Also defined as nominal prices, in which the quantities transacted in year t are valued at prices from that same year, jointly reflecting variations in prices and quantities transacted (volume), including the effect of prices (inflation).

Lot of seeds packaged, sealed and with official certification labels, produced according to the standards defined by legislation, relating to the species; variety; sanitary status and degree of germinal faculty and purity. Currently, only certified seeds are authorized to be sold.

Operations that carry out the redistribution of savings or assets.

Applies to the height of the dominant tree(s). It can also mean the average height of the 100 thickest trees per hectare of a stand or the average height of the tallest trees.

Value of the amount of forest biomass corresponding to the sum of the dead biomass components of the tree or derivatives thereof (standing dead tree, fallen tree, stumps, leaf litter). Excludes the biomass of living trees.

Fire Risk Index, part of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System (CFFWIS). It is used to characterize the pre-fire season in terms of the level of heat and vegetation stress, acting as an indicator of extreme weather conditions typical of the Mediterranean summer.

Acronym corresponding to the Special Forest Fire Fighting Device.

Corresponding to the decision on environmental incidences (Decided in environmental impact assessment processes, or analysis of environmental incidences, of (re)forestation projects), within the scope of the RJAAR.

Removal of trees from a given stand, with temporary effects (until new planting/afforestation) or permanent effects.

Change/loss of color of a tree's leaves for sanitary reasons, associated with pests and diseases.

Loss of leaves from a tree for sanitary reasons, associated with pests and diseases.

Diameter of the tree trunk measured on the bark at 1.30 meters from the ground, the measurement unit being centimeters.

Forest species with the second (or lower) highest percentage of coverage, behind the dominant species.

Forest species with the highest percentage of cover, dominating the tree cover of the settlement.

Species of tree existing in a forest stand with the highest percentage of coverage (compared to other tree species present).

Percentage of dead trees in a given stand or area, due to a given natural or human event.

Number of companies that have ceased activity, this cessation being valid when there is the dissolution of a combination of production factors, as long as there are no other companies involved in the process. Does not include processes of change of activity, merger, majority acquisition, dissolution or restructuring of a group of companies.

Sales price, at the time of ordering, practiced on the 15th of each month, with discounts, without VAT and other taxes and subsidies, and with the same payment conditions, quantities, quality, packaging, among others.

Combination of productive factors (labor, raw materials, equipment, etc.), with a view to producing goods and services. Every activity presupposes, in generic terms, an input of products (goods or services), a process of incorporation of added value and an output (goods or services).

Explicit or implicit contract by which a person undertakes to provide their work (any activity aimed at the production of goods or services within the scope of production), for remuneration to a resident institutional unit, for a certain period or until further notice.

Company or part of a company (factory, workshop, mine, warehouse, store, warehouse, etc.) located in an identified location. There or from there economic activities are carried out for which, as a general rule, one or more people work (possibly part-time), on behalf of the same company.

Transaction of goods (sales, direct exchanges and offers) from residents to non-residents (to third countries).

Relative number, measured by the number of people employed, which aims to measure variations in the volume of employment at short and regular intervals, in relation to a period of time taken as a reference.

Forest pests corresponding to organisms of potential economic importance for the endangered area, being present and widely distributed in the location. These pests can be insects, mites, nematodes, fungi, bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses, weeds or parasites.

People who work for a resident institutional unit, receiving remuneration in return under the terms of a contract.

Volume value of woody material corresponding to the sum of the volumes of all living and dead trees of one or more species, for a given territorial unit. Includes the volume of the shaft with stump and arrow (tip/top of the tree) and the legs and arms of the cork oak and holm oak. Excludes the volume of branches, twigs, foliage and roots; felled trees; trees outside the forest.

Individual from the body specialized in extinguishing rural or urban fires, as well as supporting accidents of various natures, belonging to defined operational units

Strip of land built to support/access forest areas, generally on land.

Forest management certification system, ensuring that a given ecosystem is managed with different environmental, social and economic criteria. It is carried out through independent audits, by an external and independent entity.

Area managed by a concessionary entity - fishermen's association or City Council, to which exclusive fishing rights are authorized.

Value that corresponds to the decrease in the value of fixed assets held as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence.

Divide the total working hours of several part-time workers by the number of working hours in a complete working period (day, week, month, year).

Strip of land constructed to support/access forestry areas, generally on land, with the aim of being passable for vehicles associated with forestry management or firefighting.

Technical-economic unit that uses common production factors, such as labor, machines, facilities, land, among others, with the objectives of producing agricultural products or keeping land unused for productive purposes; have a certain size (area or number of animals); be located in a determinable area and have a single management.

Strip of land, with variable width, in which fuel management is carried out, that is, the creation and maintenance of horizontal and vertical discontinuity of the fuel load, through the modification or partial or total removal of plant biomass.

Index that allows estimating the fire danger based on the state of the various fuels present in the forest soil, determined indirectly through observations of meteorological elements. The FWI index is made up of 5 sub-indices that are calculated based on the values of meteorological elements, these being the following

Land with forest trees, which must, according to the National Forest Inventory, have a minimum height of 5 meters and a minimum degree of coverage of 10%. It must have a minimum area of 0.5 hectares and a minimum width of 20 meters. Includes forest stands, burned areas of forest stands, clear-cut areas and other wooded areas.

Combustion not limited in time or space, of an area equal to or greater than 1 hectare (for statistical purposes).

Corresponding to all types of plant reproduction materials; such as seeds, plant parts (cuttings, forks, embryos) or plants for afforestation.

Associations of forest owners and managers, responsible for establishing and managing Forest Intervention Zones (ZIF), as well as providing support and advice to forest owners and producers. They also participate in the implementation on the ground of various public programs for the management and conservation of forest areas (such as the fight against biotic agents or the defense of the forest against fires).

Set of trees that have a certain uniformity; in its composition, quality or structure, corresponding to a wooded or uncultivated area. These trees must reach a minimum height of 5 meters and a minimum coverage level of 10% (according to the National Forest Inventory).

Consisting of insects, mites, nematodes, fungi, bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses, weeds or parasites that feed on plants (phytophagous arthropods).

Set of all production jobs originating from forestry farms (forestry, forestry and related service activities), including intra-consumption jobs.

Corresponding to RJAAR processes approved by financial support programs with public funds, namely within the scope of the Rural Development Program (ProDer) and the Rural Development Program 2020 (PDR2020).

Legislation instituted on 12/24/1901, with the aim of ensuring conditions for the creation and exploitation of forestry heritage, as well as enabling the invocation of "public utility" for afforestation for conservation purposes.

Specialized worker, with a specific profile and training suitable for carrying out forest management and forest defense functions.

Worker whose working period is equal to or greater than the normal working duration in force in the company/institution, for the respective professional category or in the respective profession.

Continuous and delimited forest space, subject to a Forest Management Plan, this plan being the responsibility of a Management Entity, which is responsible for the territorial delimitation of the ZIF, which must be more than 500 hectares. The ZIF is primarily applied to areas affected by forest fires.

Domestic animals of the "Capra" species.

Meat of small or large game species, originating from wild animals.

Product obtained by distillation (the first transformation) of resin.

Cork from the third or subsequent extraction operations, in the same area as the tree subject to stripping.

Name that describes a specific product or foodstuff that results from a method of production, transformation or composition that corresponds to a traditional practice for that product or foodstuff, that is, produced from raw materials or ingredients used traditionally.

Represents the value of durable goods, acquired by resident production units (in a specific territory) in order to be used for a period longer than one year in the production process. It also includes the value of services incorporated in fixed capital goods.

Part of a plant that is grafted onto another plant.

Gases concentrated in the atmosphere that absorb and emit infrared radiation, from solar rays that are reflected into space or absorbed and transformed into heat.

Also known as acorn. Fruit (achene) of various query trees (cork oak, holm oak, oak oak, etc.), protected by a dome.

Body of any slaughtered animal after having been bled and prepared according to the species.

Measures the effect, on the radiation properties of the atmosphere, of 1 ton of gas equivalent to CO₂. Since the various greenhouse gases have different lifetimes, it is necessary to define a time horizon to calculate the potential.

Final result of the production activity of production units resident in the region or country, calculated from the perspective of expenditure and income production, for a given period of time.

Gross value of production, from which the cost of raw materials and other consumption in the production process is deducted.

Volume value of woody material corresponding to the sum of the volumes of all living trees of one or more species, for a given territorial unit. Includes the volume of the shaft with stump and arrow (tip/top of the tree) and the legs and arms of the cork oak and holm oak. Excludes the volume of branches, twigs, foliage and roots; trees felled; trees outside the forest.

Document that allows hunting within the limits imposed by law for a registered hunter and for areas registered as hunting zones. To obtain a hunter's license you must be 16 years of age or older; not be legally or judicially prevented from hunting; not have a mental or physical disability that makes this activity dangerous; pass a specific exam for this purpose.

Period of time in which the hunting of one or more game species from a list of species authorized by ordinance is authorized, the hunting period depending on the game species to be hunted. The daily kill limit of a given species per hunter is also defined. The general period corresponds to June 1st of year n to May 31st of year n+1.

Group of tree species that have leaves that are more or less wide, of various shapes and in most cases lose them in autumn (deciduous). The shape of the crown of these trees is generally rounded. Examples of hardwoods include oaks; chestnut trees; maples or eucalyptus.

Licenses specific to the hunting sector, which allow hunting throughout the country (National Hunting License) or only in the hunting region to which they relate (Regional Hunting License), during a hunting season (hunting season).

Group of chemical elements with metallic properties that exist naturally in the Earth's crust. Their danger to living beings and the environment is due to the fact that they cannot be degraded either chemically or biologically, having a tendency to accumulate in living organisms. Mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) or cadmium (Cd) are some examples of particularly toxic metals.

Hunting areas that belong to the Ministry of Justice.

Hunting areas that belong to military institutions.

Freshwater surfaces, such as rivers; streams; lagoons or reservoirs, where fish are sometimes captured or produced (aquaculture).

Consumption of goods and services as elements of a production process, excluding fixed assets recorded as consumption of fixed capital.

A species that has never been recorded as occurring naturally in a given location, and unbalances the structure or functioning of an ecological system, acquiring an invasive nature.

Corresponding to processes authorized or carried out by the Institute for the Conservation of Nature and Forests, I. P. (ICNF) on properties managed by it, within the scope of the RJAAR.

Transaction of goods (acquisitions, direct exchanges and offers) from non-residents (third countries) to residents (own country/territory).

Corresponding to incisions made in Pinaceae species that produce resin, with the aim of extracting resin through these same incisions.

Corresponds to the set of amounts spent on the acquisition of fixed assets, used by the entity/company as a means of achieving its objectives.

Term referring to the irregularity of the age classes of trees in a forest stand.

Sum of the nominal powers of the equipment.

Value of the amount of forest biomass corresponding to the sum of the tree's living biomass components (wood, bark, leaves, branches, roots). Excludes the biomass of dead trees and trees outside the considered forest area.

Adaptability of the land to different forms of agricultural use, without soil loss due to wear and impoverishment factors, through its use.

Days of absence from work of at least one day (in addition to the first day) up to one year. Those that, although they do not result in loss of work, involve expenses for the responsible entities are also considered.

Animals that are owned by an agricultural holding, as well as those raised under contract by the holding.

Leaves and other plant material that remain on the ground after seasonal or episodic shedding.

Classification attributed by law and which is divided into the following forms

One of the several entities of the national Network of Protected Areas, when there is only one municipality in its creation.

Coverage of the earth's surface at a physical level, corresponding, for example, to areas of vegetation (trees, bushes, etc.), rocks, built-up areas, wetlands or bodies of water.

Land stabilization and consolidation actions, prior to the installation of forestry on the site.

It concerns the pattern of spatial organization, as well as activities and actions carried out by human beings in given types of land occupation, corresponding to different purposes or economic activities (agricultural, commercial, housing and recreational nature, etc.)

The simplest gas in the group of hydrocarbons (HC), a group of compounds formed by carbon and hydrogen that can appear as gases, fine particles or drops. It has low solubility in water, has no color or smell and is highly flammable when added to air. It is considered the third greenhouse gas with the greatest impact on global warming, behind carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Forest population with two or more tree species, none of which occupies more than 75% of the forest cover.

Areas with the objective of providing organized hunting to a maximized number of hunters in accessible conditions, of a public and municipal nature.

Standard unit of measurement that corresponds to a dairy cow. It allows the aggregation of the various categories of livestock, allowing their comparison.

Number of working hours established by law (per day or week), in a Collective Labor Regulation Instrument, in the Individual Employment Contract, or by rules or practices of the company/institution, in relation to the categories of workers considered.

They are as follows, in accordance with directive 92/43/EEC.

Process of a statistical and cartographic nature, corresponding to a periodic survey of the abundance, state and condition of national forest resources. This survey is based on sampling processes carried out in different stages with a defined time period.

Forest property belonging to the private domain of the State, subject to the Total Forest Regime.

Natural occurrence containing one or more aspects that, due to their singularity, rarity or representativeness in ecological, aesthetic, scientific and cultural terms, require their conservation and maintenance of their integrity.

They comprise various nitrogen and oxygen compounds such as nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), among others. NO and NO₂ are the most relevant as atmospheric pollutants and N₂O is best known for being a greenhouse gas. They originate from combustion processes in which air is the oxidant, that is, industrial, commercial, residential combustion and transport (combustion engines) both by road and sea, and also manufacturing processes that involve the use of nitrogen (N), such as for example the chemical industry producing nitrogen fertilizers. NOx can also have natural origins as a result of bacterial activity and thunderstorms.

Greenhouse gas. Part of nitrogen oxides. Greenhouse gas.

protected area that contains representative samples of characteristic natural regions, natural and humanized landscapes, biodiversity elements and geosites. These representative samples stand out for their scientific, ecological or educational value.

Protected area containing natural or semi-natural ecosystems, where the long-term preservation of biodiversity may depend on human activity, ensuring a sustainable flow of natural products and services.

Consisting of terrestrial and inland water areas and marine areas in which biodiversity or other natural occurrences have a unique character resulting from their rarity, scientific, ecological, social or scenic value, requiring specific conservation and management measures, promoting management, protection and valorization of natural and cultural heritage.

Ecological network for the European Union community area resulting from the application of Council Directive 79/409/EEC, of April 2, 1979 (Birds Directive) - repealed by Directive 2009/147/EC, of November 30 - and the Directive 92/43/EEC (Habitats Directive) which aims to ensure the long-term conservation of Europe's most threatened species and habitats, helping to stop the loss of biodiversity. It constitutes the main instrument for nature conservation in the European Union. It is subdivided into Special Protection Zones (ZPE) and Sites on the national list of sites and Special Conservation Zones (ZEC).

Establishment of a forest stand by natural means, through seeds from nearby stands, deposited by the wind, birds or other animals. It also corresponds to the seedlings that appear in the undercover of a forest stand due to natural regeneration.

Protected area that contains ecological, geological and physiographic characteristics, or other types of attributes with scientific, ecological or educational value, and that is not permanently or significantly inhabited.

Consisting of the National Network of Protected Areas (RNAP); through the areas of the Natura 2000 Network (Special Areas of Conservation (ZEC) under the Habitats Directive and areas classified as Special Protection Zones (SPA) under the Birds Directive); by Biosphere Reserves; by areas of the RAMSAR Convention (Convention on Wetlands of International Interest for Waterbirds) and by Geoparks recognized by UNESCO.

Gross Value Added (GVA), from which the Consumption of Fixed Capital (of capital goods, buildings, constructions and agricultural plantations) is deducted.

Areas owned and managed by the State with unique physical and biological characteristics, with centers of hunting potential to be preserved.

Sustainable agricultural production method, based on the biological activity of the soil whose fertilization is based on the incorporation of organic matter, avoiding the use of synthetic chemicals and easily soluble fertilizers. Its objective is to obtain quality food, environmental sustainability and the valorization of local resources.

Fire, burning or false alarm that leads to the mobilization of Firefighters.

Protected area corresponding to private land not included in classified areas.

Terrestrial, inland aquatic or marine area in which biodiversity or other natural occurrences have a unique character resulting from their rarity, scientific, ecological, social or scenic value, requiring specific conservation and management measures, promoting the management, protection and enhancement of heritage natural and cultural.

Agricultural crops that occupy land for long periods, providing repeated harvests and without cultural rotations, therefore excluding permanent meadows and pastures.

Name that identifies a product originating from a specific region or place, whose quality and characteristics are due essentially or exclusively to a specific geographic environment, including its natural and human factors and whose production phases all take place in the defined geographic area.

Part of a mother plant (for example a branch or root), extracted to produce a new individual, with the emergence of new roots.

Toponym (place name) originating from the name of a tree species, possibly due to its presence in the past in that location.

Fire/fire created for the purposes of forest management, agriculture, prairie restoration or greenhouse gas reduction, done intentionally and controlled by specialized technicians.

Name that identifies a product originating in a specific region or place, or in a country, which has a certain quality, reputation or other characteristics that can be essentially attributed to its geographical origin and in relation to which at least one of the production phases takes place in the delimited geographical area.

Relative number that aims to measure variations in production volume at short and regular intervals, relative to a period of time taken as a reference.

These are bodies of water or unregulated sections where professional fishing is permitted, in accordance with the general rules in force (without specific regulations).

Corresponding to a continuous forest area.

With the scientific name Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer 1934), from the Parasitaphelenchidae family, it is a microscopic nematode, currently considered the greatest invasive pest threat to Eurasian pine forests, especially maritime pine as it is an agent that causes “pine wilt disease”. It was detected for the first time in Portugal in 1999. Given its potential ecological, economic and social impacts, it is considered a harmful organism for the European Union and identified, by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, as a quarantine organism ( OEPP List A1), with strong restrictions on the movement of plants, woody material, products and by-products of NMP host species.

Protected area that contains landscapes resulting from the harmonious interaction of human beings and nature, and which demonstrate great aesthetic, ecological or cultural value.

Pine seed, being the most used term for maritime pine.

Type of fishing that is carried out as a commercial activity, carried out by duly licensed individuals.

People who participate in the activity of the company/institution, whatever the duration of this participation, which may be

Ionic hydrogen potential, being the measure of acidity (pH < 7) or alkalinity (pH > 7) of a solution.

Organ of plants in the Pinophyta division (for example, pine trees) where reproductive structures are found.

Seed of several species of gymnospermic plants (the seed does not contain a fruit), in the Portuguese case coming from Pinaceae, especially stone pine. The pinion is formed inside a closed pine cone, which over time opens until the pinion is released.

Number of young plants installed on the land, generally from forest nurseries.

Forest population in which a given species occupies more than 75% of the tree cover.

Prices received by producers for primary crops, live animals and livestock products collected at the initial point of sale (prices paid at the door of the producing entity/farm).

Production consists of products created during the accounting period.

Areas (in this case relating to forests) owned/owned by individuals, families, communities, private cooperatives, corporations and business entities, religious or educational institutions, investment or pension funds, NGOs, nature conservation associations, among others.

Areas (in this case relating to forests) owned/owned by the State; or administrative units, corporations or Public Administration institutions.

First-level network of fuel management lanes, consisting of fuel reduction or interruption lanes, approximately 125 meters wide, which aim to ensure favorable conditions for reducing the area covered by large fires, allowing direct combat intervention. This network is defined by the district forest fire defense plan and integrated into the municipal forest fire defense plan.

Areas associated with the forestry regime that are owned by local administrative bodies (mandatory partial regime) or private properties (optional partial regime).

Worker whose working period is shorter than the normal working period in force in the company/institution, for the respective professional category or in the respective profession.

Fishing zones subject to their own regulations, which establish the management and exploitation rules appropriate to each fishing area and take into account the specificity of the fishing methods traditionally used in the region.

Forest pests corresponding to organisms of potential economic importance for the endangered area, where they are not yet present or, if present, are not widely distributed. These pests can be insects, mites, nematodes, fungi, bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses, weeds or parasites.

Relative number that aims to measure variations in the value of remuneration at short and regular intervals, in relation to a period of time taken as a reference. Remuneration refers to the gross amount in cash or in kind paid to workers (employees).

Process of a statistical and cartographic nature, corresponding to a periodic survey of the abundance, state and condition of forest resources at a regional level. This survey is based on sampling processes carried out in different stages with a defined time period. It concerns Forest Inventories conducted in the Portuguese Autonomous Regions (Madeira and Azores).

Specific time interval or day corresponding to the variable information. Examples include calendar year; fiscal year; month; etc.

Corresponds to individuals who carry out an activity in the company/institution in accordance with an employment contract, whether or not it is written, giving them the right to regular remuneration in cash and/or in kind. Includes workers from other companies who are working in the company/institution observed but who maintain a link to the company/institution of origin, excluding those who are remunerated by the company/institution of origin and have an employment relationship with it.

Installation of forest on land previously occupied by forest.

One of several entities in the national Network of Protected Areas, when more than one municipality is involved in its creation.

Amount in cash and in kind to be paid by employers to their workers, serving as remuneration for the work performed by them in the reference period, which may be wages and salaries in cash and in kind or employers' social contributions actual and imputed.

Product of plant origin extracted from some species of the Pinaceae family, especially the Pinus genus, by chemical stimulation on the tree's resinous channels; with the aim of producing pitch and turmeric, in the first industrial transformation.

Legal Regime applicable to Afforestation and Reforestation Actions, applicable by Decree-Law 96/2013, of July 19, amended by Decree-Law No. 12/2019, of January 21, 2019.

Intergovernmental treaty adopted in 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar that corresponds to a convention for wetlands. The Convention came into force in 1975 and currently has 169 Contracting Countries on all Continents. According to the text approved by the Convention, Wetlands are defined as

Fishing areas subject to specific regulations, where only recreational and/or sport fishing is permitted. The conditions for fishing are defined by Notice, namely the daily number of fishermen, the periods, processes and means of fishing, the minimum dimensions and maximum number of specimens to be captured, as well as the type of mandatory Special Licenses. In Reserved Fishing Areas, fishing is only permitted in accordance with the conditions set out in the respective special regulations.

Change/exchange of one forest species for another, in a given period of time.

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) removed from the atmosphere. This process occurs mainly in oceans, forests and other places where organisms, through photosynthesis, capture carbon and release oxygen into the atmosphere.

Part of the trunk that remains at the surface of the ground when the tree is cut.

Shelter made especially for raising bees and producing honey.

Increase in soil density in the same volume with a reduction in its porosity, which occurs when the soil is subjected to great effort or compression, with loss of air from the pores.

Land previously occupied by a forest stand, occupied by stumps and/or undergrowth due to the cutting of trees from that same stand. It must have a minimum area of 0.5 hectares and a minimum width of 20 meters (according to the National Forest Inventory).

Cork extracted in the second cork extraction operation, in the same area as the tree.

Progressive dragging of soil particles of varying size, caused by the action of water or wind.

Characteristic of forest stands assessed in terms of canopy damage, quantified through defoliation and discoloration of foliage.

It expresses the productive capacity of the station/area in relation to a certain forest species. It can be calculated in several ways, but the most common is based on the dominant height reached at a standard age. It is usually measured in meters.

Land covered with woody or shrubby herbaceous plants of natural origin, which is not used for agriculture nor is wooded, but may, however, have some arboreal vegetation but whose degree of coverage is less than 10%.

Domestic animals of the "Ovis" species.

Compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules. The group known as sulfur oxides consists of gases such as sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and sulfur monoxide. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is the predominant form found in the lower atmosphere, a colorless gas that dissolves freely in water and has a pungent odor. The main source of sulfur oxide emissions is the burning of fossil fuels. Sources of sulfur dioxide generally come from electrical industries that burn fossil fuels, as well as petroleum refineries and cement manufacturing. Some sulfur oxides are emitted into the atmosphere from natural sources such as volcanoes, however, the vast majority of SOx emissions are anthropogenic (originating from human activity).

Type of fishing that is carried out as a leisure or recreational activity, in which captured specimens cannot be sold.

Works and services specific to the main objectives or purposes of the statistical unit of observation.

Seeds of forest species planted on the land, with the aim of creating a new forest stand.

Areas belonging to the Natura 2000 Network and created under the Habitats Directive, with the express aim of "contributing to ensuring Biodiversity, through the conservation of natural habitats (Annex I) and the habitats of wild flora and fauna species (Annex II ), considered threatened within the European Union.

Body of unconsolidated material that covers the surface of the Earth, between the lithosphere and the atmosphere; which may or may not serve as a support surface for living organisms.

Current transfers without compensation that public administrations make within the framework of their economic or social policy to resident market producers and other resident producers for their market production, with the aim of influencing their production levels and prices and/or making adequate remuneration of production factors is possible.

Areas belonging to the Natura 2000 Network and created under the Birds Directive, which are essentially intended to guarantee the conservation of bird species, and their habitats, listed in its Annex I, and of migratory bird species not referred to in Annex I and whose occurrence is regular.

Product obtained by distillation (the first transformation) of resin.

Tree species that stand out from other specimens due to their size, design, age and rarity. The classification of "Public Interest" gives the trees a status similar to that of classified built heritage.

Difference between exports and imports. A positive trade balance corresponds to a greater volume of exports than imports.

Sum of above-ground biomass and root biomass for a given territorial area.

Ratio between the horizontal projection area of the tree crowns and the respective land area, expressed as a percentage. Similar to the term "degree of coverage".

Particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm suspended in the air, resulting essentially from emissions from car traffic, domestic heating and industrial activities, being at the level of large population clusters where exposure to this pollutant is most worrying. Natural emissions are also a source of particles, such as dust from the deserts of North Africa and those resulting from forest fires.

It is calculated by the sum of the total emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) and the equivalent emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) (multiplied by a conversion factor), and allows monitoring the evolution of aggregate emissions of ozone precursor substances tropospheric, by sector of activity, and analyze the respective contribution. Its unit of measurement is tons equivalent to COVNM.

Areas associated with the forest regime that are State properties.

The essence of Turpentine or turpentine is a derivative of the resin obtained through its distillation, which represents the volatile and liquid fraction of the resin (around 20% of the total). It has several industrial applications, such as the production of essential oils, fragrances, aromas, solvents for paints/varnishes and the pharmaceutical industry.

Net amount of sales and services provided (including compensatory indemnities) relating to the normal activities of the entities, consequently after reductions in sales. Does not include value added tax or other taxes directly related to sales and services provided.

Their objective is the economic use of hunting resources, ensuring the provision of adequate tourist services, of a private nature.

Land in which plant communities have a sterile existence (degree of vegetation cover less than 10%) or a very limited growth capacity, the result of natural limitations or human action.

Space for articulation between rural and urban systems, where natural combustible matter influences or is influenced by human activities and the surrounding urban development. There are the following types of interface

Existing vegetation beneath the canopy of adult trees, consisting of bushes; bushes; herbaceous vegetation; pastures or temporary agricultural crops.

Area that corresponds to the agricultural holding and that includes permanent crops; permanent pastures; arable land (including undercover woodlands and forests); family gardens.

Characterized by having a high vapor pressure under normal conditions and for this reason they easily volatilize in contact with the air and enter the atmosphere. They include a wide variety of substances such as aldehydes, ketones, and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene and xylenes (BTEX). They are present in different types of synthetic or natural materials such as solvents, paints, glues, fuels, furniture, repellents, cleaning products, cosmetic products, pesticides, dry-cleaned clothing, permanent markers, among others. They also exist in nature, as they can be released by plants. Generally, materials that have some VOCs in their composition have a characteristic smell.

Cork from the first cork extraction operation.

Corresponds to the work actually applied to the production of forestry products and non-forestry activities that are not separable from forestry units.

Corresponding to the volume of wood in the tree or stand where it is located, its measurement unit is generally the cubic meter (m³).

Referring to unexpected and unforeseen events, including acts arising from or related to work, which result in bodily injury, illness or death of one or more workers. Travel, transport or traffic accidents are also considered work accidents. Excludes self-inflicted injuries; accidents that are due solely to medical causes and occupational illnesses; commuting accidents; among other cases.

Land commonly owned by local communities, in which its management was handed over to the Public Administration, in the vast majority of cases. Local communities include residents of a given area who have the right to its use and enjoyment, according to local uses and customs.

Set of forest stands, equivalent to the forest.

Set of water storage structures, accessible water levels and water intake points, to help fight forest fires. Examples of these structures are tanks existing within or near forest areas, with the capacity to supply fire-fighting vehicles, with a distinction being made between those that also allow the supply of aerial resources.